Electrons are released and flow to the cathode where reduction produces zincate oxide (ZnO), while water is returned to the system. Zinc (Zn) particles are mixed with an electrolyte, while water and oxygen in the air react to form hydroxides at the cathode, which migrate to form zincate (Zn(OH) 4 2-). Reducing the terms gives the following reaction: Zn + O2 → ZnO (1) Pinkwart and Tuebke (2011) present the following definitions: Bocchi, Ferracin, and Biaggio (2000) review the confusion arising from the terms pills and batteries, and state that while the former should be understood as a device consisting of two electrodes and an electrolyte, the second is an association of two or more pills. Knutsen (1982) describes a cell as a device for converting chemical energy into electrical energy, with a set amount of voltage and current necessary to power an electrical or electronic circuit. As described by Bloom (2003), “the tiny button cells used in contemporary hearing instruments typically have double the life of the old mercury cells and three times that of silver oxide” and they are “small, lightweight, and leak resistant, offering large capacity, stable voltage, and start-up on demand.” |Hearing aid batteries based on mercury were gradually replaced by zinc-air batteries, providing positive effects on the environment and advantages for patients (Sparkes and Lacey, 1997). Kates (2008) states that the digital processor, memory, and analog/digital converter (the internal circuits of the digital signal processor) are responsible for about 70% of the entire energy consumption of a digital hearing aid. Modern hearing aids use the topology of transistor analog hearing aids with other electronic circuits that result in devices with better performance and electroacoustic features, but higher power consumption (Cudahy and Levitt, 1994). Lybarger describes that the evolution of tubes into transistors brought no significant change in the noise performance of hearing aids it did, however, drastically reduce battery drain and the size of the batteries required (the drain current was decreased by about 100 times). was produced by Miller Reese Hutchinson in 1902 later, some hearing aids with portable tubes and a drain current of 60 mA were manufactured. Lybarger (1988) states that the first powered hearing aid in the U.S. It was only during the first two of these eras that batteries were not needed to power electrical or electronic circuits. Dillon (2000) posits that the history of the development of hearing aids can be divided into four eras: the acoustic, carbon valve, transistor, and digital ages.
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